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NARRATOR:
Earth's great rivers...

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..make extraordinary journeys.

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Carving through continents...

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..feeding and connecting life...

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..nurturing culture...

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..providing a place for adventure.

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From the frozen wilderness
of the Yukon...

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..to the tropical heat of
the Zambezi...

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HIPPO GROANS

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..and the magical, hidden worlds
of the Danube...

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..great rivers are the lifeblood
of planet Earth.

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In the heart of Africa

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is a forest.

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A sacred place.

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The Lunda people call it
"yambeshi"...

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..the heart of everything.

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Here, a clear spring

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bubbles to the surface.

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The source of a great river.

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One day, hippos will wallow
in its deep, dark pools...

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..and elephants will wrestle
with its treacherous currents.

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It will carve its way
through bedrock...

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..and its waters will fill
great lakes...

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..and spread out to form the largest
curtain of water on Earth.

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For this trickle to become
one of Africa's mightiest rivers,

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it will need to overcome many
obstacles...

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..on its epic journey

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to the Indian Ocean.

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But everywhere it touches,

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it will bring life.

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This is the story of the Zambezi...

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..Africa's wildest river.

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From its source in the northwest
of Zambia, the Zambezi travels

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for nearly
two and a half thousand kilometres,

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through six countries, on its course

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to the Indian Ocean.

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Like many great rivers,
its beginnings are humble.

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And its destiny
by no means certain.

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Flowing down out of the forests
of its birth, the Zambezi

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starts its great journey.

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But just as its waters are getting
going, it runs into trouble.

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Barotseland.

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An endless flat plane
in the far west of Zambia.

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So flat, the Zambezi completely
loses momentum.

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And it's September, the peak
of the dry season.

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Its waters are evaporating
under the heat of the African sun.

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But it's just now that the Zambezi
is vitally important.

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Especially for the people
that live here,

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like cattle farmer Makalo Makaulo.

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MAKALO: September is the hottest time
in the year,

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where everything is dried out.

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I tell you we are suffering
because we depend on water.

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Here in Barotseland,

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everything depends on water.

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NARRATOR:
Every day in the dry season

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to keep his cows alive,

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Makalo Makaulo must take them
from the arid grasslands

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to the Zambezi's life-giving waters.

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MAKALOQO:
Zambezi River,

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it's like a father to me.

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The father who feeds his children.

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The parent of Barotseland
is Zambezi.

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NARRATOR:
But as the heat intensifies,

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the Zambezi's waters are receding...

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..leaving dry, hot riverbed.

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A challenging place,

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whatever your walk of life.

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IN OWN LANGUAGE:

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NARRATOR: But there are advantages
to the dry season.

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GIFT IN OWN LANGUAGE:

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NARRATOR: For schoolboys
and cattle farmers alike,

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life goes on through the dry season.

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As it does for the wildlife here.

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BIRDS SQUAWK

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ZEBRAS BRAY

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These vast plains are home to some
of the greatest concentrations

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of wildlife anywhere in Africa.

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And this is their toughest time.

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But the heat can only build
for so long.

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It's now October, and a change
is coming to Barotseland.

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Over 30,000 wildebeest
are on the move.

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WILDEBEEST GRUNTS

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They are heading for their calving
grounds in the south of the plains,

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in anticipation of the rains.

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A sign that six months of drought
is coming to an end.

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When the rain is coming,

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everything is changing.

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NARRATOR:
In October every year

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tropical rains push down
from the equator, and spill

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over into Barotseland.

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This is what all the inhabitants
have been waiting for.

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MAKALO: So when the rains come,
our hearts are feeling very happy,

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because we are expecting
good things to come.

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I don't know how you even express
it, because everything there, even

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the nature of the land
is changing.

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NARRATOR:
The rains are completely transformative.

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A greening of the land
over 10,000 square kilometres...

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..that can even be seen
from space.

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My God, why can't this period
be like that always?

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NARRATOR:
As the grasslands are revitalized,

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they become a globally important
wetland,

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supporting 350 species of birds.

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And finally,

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the wildebeest arrive
at their calving grounds.

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Over just a couple of weeks,

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all the herd's calves are born

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to coincide with this time
of plenty.

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CROAKING

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But the rains are having an even
more dramatic effect...

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..on the Zambezi.

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It starts to flood.

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GIFT IN OWN LANGUAGE:

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NARRATOR: The people of Barotseland
have always lived in tune

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with the annual flooding
of the Zambezi.

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Larger villages are built on high
ground,

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so they stay dry
during the flood.

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But many smaller buildings

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are designed to be submerged
for a while.

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Abandoned for four or five months
until the waters subside.

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The rising waters bring
new challenges.

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GIFT IN OWN LANGUAGE:

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NARRATOR: Most children have to stop
going to school in the wet season.

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But this school has been built
with flooding in mind.

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Set on a
mound of high ground,

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it even has docks for the pupils
to tie up to.

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So long as they can brave
the school run,

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Gift and his classmates can keep

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learning while the waters
keep rising.

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Cattle farmers don't have the option
of staying in the floodplains.

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They now take to canoes
to swim their cattle

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to higher ground.

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But beneath the waters,

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the land is being fertilised

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by the Zambezi's silt.

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So when the cattle return,

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they will have some of the most

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nutritious grass around.

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The floods are not only
good for the inhabitants

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of Barotseland...

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..the waters of the entire flood
plain are now gathering

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into one rejuvenated flow.

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The Zambezi

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is on the move again.

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Heading out of Barotseland,

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the Zambezi now turns east

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where, for the next 500 kilometres,
it will form the border

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between Zambia and Zimbabwe.

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Boosted by the water from upstream,

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the Zambezi grows.

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And, as it grows, it brings
more opportunity for life.

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The Zambezi is starting to look
like a great African river.

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As it flows over a series of steps
in the bedrock,

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it starts to gather pace.

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And, in the distance, a cloud
of mist is rising.

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A hint of what is to come.

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Right at the point where the Zambezi
reaches its maximum power...

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..the entire river flows over a
cliff.

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Nearly two kilometres wide...

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..falling for over a hundred
metres...

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..500 million litres of water
per minute.

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So much water, it creates a plume
of spray

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that rises 500 metres
into the sky...

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..giving it the name of
Mosi-oa-Tunya,

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The Smoke That Thunders.

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This is Victoria Falls.

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The largest curtain of water...

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..on Earth.

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You would think it's a place
to steer well clear of.

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But there is temptation here.

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A group of male elephants have come
down to the edge of the river.

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At this time of year, the islands
right above the falls are lush

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with tasty vegetation,

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an elephant's paradise.

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But to reach them is dangerous.

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The Zambezi in full flood
is a formidable force.

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This is not the place to get
swept away by the current.

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But the lure of the islands
is strong.

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These males are prepared
to take the risk.

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ELEPHANT TRUMPETS

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The further they go,

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the stronger the current gets.

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And now it's getting deeper.

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They are forced to swim.

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Immediately, the current starts
to drag them downstream.

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They need to reach an island

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or they could get swept
over the falls.

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One by one, they find their footing.

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ELEPHANT TRUMPETS

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But for smaller elephants,

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the danger is greater.

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At last, they are all safely across.

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And right away, they start
feasting on their prize

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of rich vegetation.

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But elephants can eat 300
kilos of food in a day.

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So they'll soon get through all
the tastiest pickings here...

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..and will have to take their
chances with the Zambezi all over again.

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Victoria Falls marks the next
great transformation

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00:20:19,560 --> 00:20:20,760
for the Zambezi...

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00:20:23,320 --> 00:20:28,040
..as the entire river is swallowed
up by a great chasm in the Earth.

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Trapped in a channel just 25
metres wide,

201
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the Zambezi now carves down through
the rocky heart of Africa...

202
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..forming sheer walls over 140
metres high.

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00:20:57,000 --> 00:20:59,560
This is the Batoka Gorge.

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00:21:01,320 --> 00:21:05,840
And it's here that the Zambezi
conjures up another phenomenon...

205
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..less well-known than Victoria
Falls,

206
00:21:12,200 --> 00:21:13,600
but just as unique.

207
00:21:17,800 --> 00:21:19,360
The Zambezi Wave.

208
00:21:22,680 --> 00:21:26,440
Surf perfection for those brave
enough to try it.

209
00:21:35,560 --> 00:21:38,920
MIKEY: It's crazy that you can bring
something like surfing here.

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00:21:39,880 --> 00:21:42,840
NARRATOR:
Mikey February is a professional surfer.

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00:21:45,000 --> 00:21:48,200
He's here, 1,000 kilometres
from the nearest ocean,

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00:21:48,480 --> 00:21:50,520
to surf the Zambezi Wave.

213
00:21:55,120 --> 00:21:58,400
MIKEY: It's once in a lifetime, and only
a few people have actually done it,

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00:21:58,480 --> 00:22:00,960
and I think that's, you know, one of
the most special parts

215
00:22:01,040 --> 00:22:02,360
of actually coming here.

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00:22:07,280 --> 00:22:11,440
NARRATOR: Mikey has come to the Zambezi
at a key point in the year.

217
00:22:14,560 --> 00:22:18,400
As the dry season returns,
over a period of three or four

218
00:22:18,480 --> 00:22:21,240
months, the river changes again.

219
00:22:28,880 --> 00:22:31,560
Victoria Falls starts to switch off.

220
00:22:40,120 --> 00:22:44,320
Every year, the Zambezi goes
through these dramatic cycles...

221
00:22:47,320 --> 00:22:51,720
..with 50 times less water flowing
over the falls when it's dry.

222
00:22:55,880 --> 00:22:59,200
But it's as the water levels
in the gorge start dropping

223
00:23:00,160 --> 00:23:03,400
that conditions become just right
for surfing.

224
00:23:05,440 --> 00:23:07,400
When the water gets low enough,

225
00:23:07,480 --> 00:23:09,520
it starts to interact with a rocky

226
00:23:09,600 --> 00:23:11,200
shelf on the riverbed...

227
00:23:12,440 --> 00:23:14,360
..and forms the Zambezi Wave.

228
00:23:17,760 --> 00:23:20,920
A wave that stays in exactly
the same place,

229
00:23:21,840 --> 00:23:24,320
and breaks continuously.

230
00:23:26,120 --> 00:23:28,480
But only lasts for ten days.

231
00:23:34,280 --> 00:23:36,080
Even for a pro like Mikey,

232
00:23:36,920 --> 00:23:38,400
the Zambezi Wave is not

233
00:23:38,480 --> 00:23:39,880
to be taken lightly.

234
00:23:42,520 --> 00:23:44,440
You have rocks, you have, you know,

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hectic rapids and the water's moving

236
00:23:46,680 --> 00:23:48,680
in such a different way
to the ocean.

237
00:23:51,080 --> 00:23:53,040
The fear factor is quite high.

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00:24:11,520 --> 00:24:15,880
NARRATOR: Because the wave is formed by
a slab of rock just beneath the surface,

239
00:24:16,480 --> 00:24:18,680
surfing it is dangerous.

240
00:24:21,800 --> 00:24:24,280
And then there are the rapids.

241
00:24:34,080 --> 00:24:37,320
Mikey needs to get out of
the white water as fast as he can,

242
00:24:38,000 --> 00:24:40,200
before he gets swept downstream.

243
00:24:43,920 --> 00:24:46,600
He paddles for the pickup
point on the riverbank.

244
00:24:47,120 --> 00:24:49,000
But the current is too strong.

245
00:24:52,520 --> 00:24:55,240
This is where his experience
in the water comes in.

246
00:24:56,480 --> 00:24:57,680
He keeps calm.

247
00:25:00,720 --> 00:25:03,960
And the safety kayaker is
immediately on hand to help

248
00:25:04,040 --> 00:25:05,440
guide him out of trouble.

249
00:25:17,080 --> 00:25:19,600
Mikey is keen to try again.

250
00:25:24,840 --> 00:25:28,440
The Zambezi Wave is pretty much
like catching an ocean wave

251
00:25:28,520 --> 00:25:31,960
but in reverse, because the ocean
is pushing you forward and the river

252
00:25:32,040 --> 00:25:33,800
is obviously going the opposite way.

253
00:25:34,480 --> 00:25:36,960
It's just a completely different
experience.

254
00:25:40,480 --> 00:25:42,120
Once you get it the first time,

255
00:25:42,200 --> 00:25:44,240
then you actually kind of get a
gauge

256
00:25:44,320 --> 00:25:45,640
of what you should be doing.

257
00:25:47,120 --> 00:25:50,440
And you kind of know exactly
what to expect when you fall.

258
00:25:58,200 --> 00:26:00,560
I did get scared surfing this wave.

259
00:26:01,800 --> 00:26:05,000
It's like a balance of, like,
surfing, survival mode,

260
00:26:05,080 --> 00:26:06,720
surfing, survival mode kind of
thing.

261
00:26:12,960 --> 00:26:16,800
I think the more time you spend
in the river and on the wave,

262
00:26:16,880 --> 00:26:18,880
you learn new things about it.

263
00:26:20,800 --> 00:26:24,720
The way it moves and noticing its,
you know, little subtleties.

264
00:26:25,600 --> 00:26:27,080
It's also so beautiful, you know,

265
00:26:27,280 --> 00:26:29,120
obviously you get to surf this wave,

266
00:26:29,200 --> 00:26:32,120
but you also get to appreciate
the Zambezi and everything

267
00:26:32,200 --> 00:26:33,680
that it has to offer.

268
00:27:02,240 --> 00:27:05,080
NARRATOR: From the gorge,
the Zambezi journeys on.

269
00:27:08,200 --> 00:27:11,960
Winding its way through
the fractured land along the border

270
00:27:12,040 --> 00:27:14,040
between Zambia and Zimbabwe.

271
00:27:18,880 --> 00:27:21,640
But it's about to shapeshift
once more.

272
00:27:23,360 --> 00:27:27,440
This time, at the hands of
an entirely different force.

273
00:27:34,680 --> 00:27:36,000
Kariba Dam.

274
00:27:39,240 --> 00:27:41,200
Built in the 1950s,

275
00:27:41,640 --> 00:27:44,040
it completely blocks the Zambezi,

276
00:27:44,760 --> 00:27:48,280
and forces it to flow through its
turbines to make electricity.

277
00:27:51,480 --> 00:27:54,960
It took just five years
for the river, held back

278
00:27:55,040 --> 00:27:56,080
behind the dam,

279
00:27:56,600 --> 00:27:58,800
to rise 100 metres.

280
00:28:01,480 --> 00:28:05,360
Swelling up to form the vast
Lake Kariba.

281
00:28:06,920 --> 00:28:08,720
Over 30 kilometres wide.

282
00:28:09,200 --> 00:28:11,640
280 kilometres long.

283
00:28:12,440 --> 00:28:16,000
185 cubic kilometres of water.

284
00:28:17,240 --> 00:28:22,080
So much water that it caused over 20
large earthquakes as it settled

285
00:28:22,160 --> 00:28:23,960
down on the land beneath.

286
00:28:26,880 --> 00:28:30,840
By volume, Lake Kariba is
the largest manmade lake

287
00:28:30,920 --> 00:28:32,040
on the planet.

288
00:28:41,280 --> 00:28:44,600
But it has also become a haven
for wildlife.

289
00:28:47,920 --> 00:28:52,080
Along the lake's shoreline, rich
grasslands have grown up.

290
00:28:58,640 --> 00:29:00,920
And in the forests of drowned trees

291
00:29:01,000 --> 00:29:02,960
formed by the rising waters

292
00:29:03,040 --> 00:29:04,640
is a unique habitat.

293
00:29:06,440 --> 00:29:09,720
Perfect for the Zambezi's most
iconic bird.

294
00:29:12,200 --> 00:29:14,360
The African fish eagle.

295
00:29:24,000 --> 00:29:27,200
There are around 500 breeding
pairs here.

296
00:29:29,600 --> 00:29:32,280
Each pair mates for life...

297
00:29:32,800 --> 00:29:34,840
EAGLES CRY

298
00:29:35,600 --> 00:29:38,680
..the contorted shapes of the trees
providing a platform

299
00:29:38,760 --> 00:29:39,880
for their nests...

300
00:29:42,000 --> 00:29:45,600
..protected by the
crocodile-infested waters below.

301
00:29:48,920 --> 00:29:51,960
The trees also provide the perfect
vantage point

302
00:29:52,280 --> 00:29:54,280
to survey the lake for prey.

303
00:30:00,640 --> 00:30:04,680
On two-metre wings, they hunt
for fish in the shallows.

304
00:30:17,440 --> 00:30:20,080
This place is so good for fish
eagles,

305
00:30:20,400 --> 00:30:22,320
it has become their stronghold...

306
00:30:25,640 --> 00:30:30,440
..their haunting call, the sound
of Lake Kariba.

307
00:30:31,080 --> 00:30:33,200
EAGLES CRY

308
00:30:37,000 --> 00:30:40,800
The Zambezi is now at the halfway
point on its journey

309
00:30:40,880 --> 00:30:42,360
to the Indian Ocean.

310
00:30:45,600 --> 00:30:48,040
As its waters break free
of the great dam,

311
00:30:48,400 --> 00:30:50,000
the river flows on.

312
00:30:55,360 --> 00:30:58,760
And now it enters a lost world,

313
00:31:00,120 --> 00:31:04,640
spreading out into a valley
50 kilometres wide...

314
00:31:07,200 --> 00:31:09,440
..nurturing a vast wilderness...

315
00:31:11,560 --> 00:31:15,080
..some of the richest wildlife
habitat in Africa.

316
00:31:23,160 --> 00:31:24,600
ELEPHANT TRUMPETS

317
00:31:25,560 --> 00:31:29,800
It has also become world famous
as one of the places to come

318
00:31:29,880 --> 00:31:31,200
and watch wildlife.

319
00:31:35,640 --> 00:31:39,000
This part of the Zambezi
and its tributaries is dotted

320
00:31:39,080 --> 00:31:40,600
with safari lodges...

321
00:31:44,000 --> 00:31:47,880
..places where people come to meet
the Zambezi's iconic animals.

322
00:31:51,760 --> 00:31:53,560
But who's watching who?

323
00:31:57,840 --> 00:32:00,800
This safari lodge
has operated for many years,

324
00:32:01,520 --> 00:32:04,440
and the wild animals are now
used to people.

325
00:32:06,880 --> 00:32:10,360
And there's one main attraction
just beyond the lobby.

326
00:32:14,240 --> 00:32:16,360
A wild mango tree.

327
00:32:19,640 --> 00:32:22,440
Its fruit is ripe
for just a short time,

328
00:32:22,520 --> 00:32:24,400
right at the end of the dry season.

329
00:32:27,400 --> 00:32:31,280
A mouth-watering treat when food
iS scarce.

330
00:32:34,640 --> 00:32:38,280
But it's not just baboons
that have a thing for mangoes.

331
00:32:40,560 --> 00:32:43,920
There are larger guests
about to check into this lodge.

332
00:33:04,960 --> 00:33:07,720
Elephants have been coming
to this mango tree

333
00:33:07,800 --> 00:33:10,800
from the river nearby for
generations,

334
00:33:12,440 --> 00:33:15,600
following ancient pathways that
existed long before

335
00:33:15,760 --> 00:33:17,360
the lodge was built.

336
00:33:20,320 --> 00:33:24,600
One family in particular has learned
that the lodge and its inhabitants

337
00:33:24,680 --> 00:33:26,240
poses no threat.

338
00:33:31,960 --> 00:33:33,240
Why go around?

339
00:33:35,800 --> 00:33:38,440
When you can walk
right through reception.

340
00:33:46,680 --> 00:33:49,560
These are completely wild elephants.

341
00:33:50,320 --> 00:33:53,160
But over the years,
they have developed an understanding

342
00:33:53,240 --> 00:33:54,640
with the staff here.

343
00:33:55,360 --> 00:33:59,040
A trust passed
down through elephant generations.

344
00:34:00,520 --> 00:34:03,960
We've definitely developed
that relationship and we've seen

345
00:34:04,040 --> 00:34:08,840
youngsters grow into almost
adults now over the years.

346
00:34:09,240 --> 00:34:12,000
So it's... it's a beautiful
relationship we have.

347
00:34:14,080 --> 00:34:16,840
NARRATOR: This young bull probably
first followed its mother

348
00:34:16,920 --> 00:34:18,520
through here as a calf.

349
00:34:20,720 --> 00:34:22,560
Now he is so relaxed,

350
00:34:22,960 --> 00:34:26,040
he even takes time to browse
the gift shop.

351
00:34:29,720 --> 00:34:31,680
And check in at reception.

352
00:34:38,320 --> 00:34:43,080
But soon, the lure of the mangoes
is too great.

353
00:34:45,840 --> 00:34:49,400
Trees like this are vital
for the wildlife here.

354
00:34:52,200 --> 00:34:55,160
Their roots draw water from deep
underground,

355
00:34:56,200 --> 00:34:59,080
so they can fruit even
in the dry season.

356
00:35:01,760 --> 00:35:05,880
An important source of energy
and vitamin C.

357
00:35:09,080 --> 00:35:11,040
And while the elephants
are feasting,

358
00:35:11,400 --> 00:35:15,280
the guests get a wild
encounter of a lifetime.

359
00:35:23,120 --> 00:35:24,960
When the elephants have had enough,

360
00:35:26,520 --> 00:35:28,080
they quietly leave.

361
00:35:32,000 --> 00:35:33,480
The same way they came in.

362
00:35:36,720 --> 00:35:38,960
Straight through reception.

363
00:35:51,840 --> 00:35:54,360
Elephants are big eaters.

364
00:35:56,680 --> 00:36:00,920
But they also drink over 200
litres of water a day.

365
00:36:03,560 --> 00:36:08,040
And for that, like all animals here,
they rely on the river.

366
00:36:13,840 --> 00:36:15,040
BIRDS SQUAWK

367
00:36:15,200 --> 00:36:18,960
But the Zambezi is not only a place
to get a drink.

368
00:36:22,040 --> 00:36:23,840
For carmine bee-eaters,

369
00:36:23,920 --> 00:36:27,120
the banks of the river provide
the perfect place to make a home.

370
00:36:29,720 --> 00:36:33,000
Their colonies can contain
up to a thousand nests...

371
00:36:38,160 --> 00:36:42,840
..each one dug into the sandy cliff
face over a metre deep...

372
00:36:43,800 --> 00:36:46,400
..where their eggs are protected
from predators.

373
00:36:49,720 --> 00:36:53,120
But outside the nest, the adults
are vulnerable.

374
00:37:04,480 --> 00:37:08,640
African fish eagles don't only live
on Lake Kariba -

375
00:37:09,360 --> 00:37:11,800
they can be found
all along the Zambezi.

376
00:37:15,720 --> 00:37:18,560
The skills that make them
so good at catching fish

377
00:37:18,960 --> 00:37:21,400
work just as well for birds.

378
00:37:23,240 --> 00:37:25,360
BEE-EATERS SQUAWK

379
00:37:58,040 --> 00:38:02,720
Hippos spend the hot days wallowing
in the Zambezi's cool waters.

380
00:38:06,480 --> 00:38:09,840
Schools of females live together
in a territory ruled

381
00:38:10,000 --> 00:38:11,160
by a single male.

382
00:38:12,560 --> 00:38:15,240
And for the most part
they are peaceful creatures.

383
00:38:17,360 --> 00:38:21,800
Until the male's authority
is challenged by a rival.

384
00:38:31,280 --> 00:38:34,520
Then hippos turn violent.

385
00:39:08,600 --> 00:39:10,920
HIPPO BELLOWS

386
00:39:12,640 --> 00:39:14,040
In the safety of the river,

387
00:39:14,400 --> 00:39:16,560
hippos are all-powerful.

388
00:39:22,160 --> 00:39:26,840
It's as the sun goes down that
they start to lose their bravado.

389
00:39:33,640 --> 00:39:35,680
Hippos eat grass.

390
00:39:36,520 --> 00:39:39,200
About 40 kilos every night.

391
00:39:42,520 --> 00:39:45,040
They can't get that by staying
in the river.

392
00:39:48,840 --> 00:39:53,360
They may be huge - over two
tons, but out of water

393
00:39:54,120 --> 00:39:55,400
they become cautious.

394
00:39:58,840 --> 00:40:01,560
So what are they nervous about?

395
00:40:07,320 --> 00:40:09,120
As the night progresses...

396
00:40:12,400 --> 00:40:15,000
..they travel
further into the shadows.

397
00:40:18,400 --> 00:40:20,640
Over five kilometres a night.

398
00:40:22,680 --> 00:40:25,080
Not making a sound.

399
00:40:33,000 --> 00:40:37,040
Soon, the hippos are peacefully
grazing in moonlit meadows.

400
00:40:42,600 --> 00:40:44,080
But they are being watched.

401
00:40:48,920 --> 00:40:50,160
Lions.

402
00:41:02,120 --> 00:41:05,720
A pride of lions patrol this
stretch of the Zambezi.

403
00:41:12,720 --> 00:41:15,480
They know that animals are moving
to and from the river,

404
00:41:17,520 --> 00:41:19,840
and the dark is their friend.

405
00:41:25,520 --> 00:41:29,120
But would they be bold enough
to bother a two-ton hippo?

406
00:41:35,720 --> 00:41:38,640
It's when the hippos start
heading back to the Zambezi

407
00:41:39,440 --> 00:41:41,280
that they are most vulnerable.

408
00:41:44,480 --> 00:41:47,160
Lions have formidable eyesight.

409
00:41:48,280 --> 00:41:49,760
As the night gets darker,

410
00:41:50,440 --> 00:41:52,040
they gain the advantage.

411
00:41:54,880 --> 00:41:57,800
Now anything is fair game.

412
00:42:07,440 --> 00:42:10,160
A female lion tries for an impala.

413
00:42:14,960 --> 00:42:18,080
Alarmed by the chaos, hippos
scramble for the safety

414
00:42:18,160 --> 00:42:19,160
of the river.

415
00:42:21,360 --> 00:42:23,080
But a young hippo is on its own.

416
00:42:26,240 --> 00:42:28,080
That doesn't go unnoticed.

417
00:42:34,280 --> 00:42:36,000
A male lion is on to it.

418
00:42:47,280 --> 00:42:48,520
Just in time.

419
00:42:51,960 --> 00:42:54,480
The hippo makes good its escape,

420
00:42:56,480 --> 00:43:00,920
safe once more in the waters
of the Zambezi.

421
00:43:08,480 --> 00:43:14,040
As the Zambezi journeys
on, it performs a last

422
00:43:14,120 --> 00:43:16,920
great feat of transformation.

423
00:43:20,120 --> 00:43:23,840
Flowing down on to the coastal
plains of Mozambique...

424
00:43:25,800 --> 00:43:29,640
..it spreads out into countless
sinuous branches...

425
00:43:32,800 --> 00:43:36,520
..forming a great triangle
that reaches all the way

426
00:43:36,600 --> 00:43:37,960
to the Indian Ocean.

427
00:43:41,000 --> 00:43:43,000
The Zambezi Delta.

428
00:43:49,240 --> 00:43:52,280
But this last chapter of the
Zambezi's journey

429
00:43:53,040 --> 00:43:55,120
is haunted by the past.

430
00:43:56,880 --> 00:43:59,960
From 1977 to 1992,

431
00:44:00,080 --> 00:44:03,320
this place
was ravaged by civil war.

432
00:44:05,360 --> 00:44:07,880
The human cost was immeasurable.

433
00:44:10,400 --> 00:44:14,440
And it had a devastating
effect on wildlife.

434
00:44:18,360 --> 00:44:21,880
DOMINIQUE: During that war,
wildlife was killed for the meat,

435
00:44:22,120 --> 00:44:26,080
but also be killed for the ivory,
for example, elephants,

436
00:44:26,840 --> 00:44:28,920
everything
just declined drastically.

437
00:44:32,160 --> 00:44:37,400
NARRATOR: Dominique Goncalves is a Mozambican
conservationist who's passionate

438
00:44:37,480 --> 00:44:40,440
about forging a brighter
future for the wildlife here.

439
00:44:43,560 --> 00:44:49,040
She is part of a team tasked to go
into the heart of the Zambezi Delta,

440
00:44:49,760 --> 00:44:52,440
to find out what has happened
to the wildlife

441
00:44:53,200 --> 00:44:55,680
since the devastation of the war.

442
00:45:02,560 --> 00:45:05,160
Dominique is an elephant specialist.

443
00:45:07,520 --> 00:45:10,920
Her plan is to put satellite
collars on key elephants

444
00:45:11,000 --> 00:45:12,360
to understand their movements.

445
00:45:14,240 --> 00:45:18,160
The first step in protecting
all the wildlife of the delta.

446
00:45:20,640 --> 00:45:24,600
If you protect the area
that an elephant uses, you're also

447
00:45:24,680 --> 00:45:28,480
protecting a huge area that many,
many other species are using.

448
00:45:30,960 --> 00:45:33,240
NARRATOR:
But first, she has to find them.

449
00:45:38,040 --> 00:45:40,520
The Zambezi Delta is vast —

450
00:45:42,000 --> 00:45:44,400
eight thousand square kilometres.

451
00:45:49,560 --> 00:45:53,680
Once, the Delta was world-famous
for its extraordinary

452
00:45:53,760 --> 00:45:55,160
wealth of wildlife.

453
00:45:58,600 --> 00:46:02,160
Great herds of elephant,
and the largest numbers

454
00:46:02,240 --> 00:46:04,360
of buffalo in Africa.

455
00:46:07,320 --> 00:46:11,120
Since the civil war, few studies
have been conducted here.

456
00:46:12,040 --> 00:46:17,960
So little is known about what is
left, but after just half an hour's

457
00:46:18,040 --> 00:46:20,600
flying, there's an encouraging sign.

458
00:46:22,200 --> 00:46:23,320
Elephants.

459
00:46:24,760 --> 00:46:28,560
DOMINIQUE: You really have to assess
which individual we can work with.

460
00:46:29,520 --> 00:46:34,000
So you have to think about the age
and if it's a female, is she very,

461
00:46:34,080 --> 00:46:37,440
very pregnant or not?
If she has a young calf or not.

462
00:46:37,880 --> 00:46:40,800
So you don't want to put
an extra stress on her.

463
00:46:44,320 --> 00:46:47,400
NARRATOR: The dart contains
a fast-acting sedative.

464
00:46:50,120 --> 00:46:52,080
And by the time the helicopter
has landed,

465
00:46:52,720 --> 00:46:54,840
the elephant is already asleep.

466
00:46:57,440 --> 00:46:59,000
A quick check on its breathing,

467
00:46:59,240 --> 00:47:00,520
and they get to work.

468
00:47:03,200 --> 00:47:04,560
They must work fast.

469
00:47:05,280 --> 00:47:07,320
Though the elephant is sleeping
peacefully,

470
00:47:07,400 --> 00:47:10,680
the quicker they are, the quicker
it can return to the herd.

471
00:47:14,960 --> 00:47:16,760
While the vet is fitting
the collar,

472
00:47:17,120 --> 00:47:19,920
Dominique gathers as much
information as she can.

473
00:47:21,960 --> 00:47:26,000
This is a rare opportunity
to study these delta elephants.

474
00:47:27,840 --> 00:47:29,080
Blood samples...

475
00:47:29,800 --> 00:47:31,400
DOMINIQUE:
Her feet is very small.

476
00:47:31,680 --> 00:47:32,880
NARRATOR:
..foot size,

477
00:47:33,800 --> 00:47:37,600
and getting a record of
what it's been eating is a crucial

478
00:47:37,680 --> 00:47:40,200
but less glamorous part of the job.

479
00:47:44,320 --> 00:47:46,840
All completed in just 15 minutes.

480
00:47:49,000 --> 00:47:50,280
SNORING

481
00:47:50,720 --> 00:47:51,880
Snoring!

482
00:47:56,800 --> 00:47:59,960
NARRATOR: A final shot reverses the effects
of the sedative.

483
00:48:02,280 --> 00:48:05,160
They now have just a couple
of minutes to get airborne.

484
00:48:19,520 --> 00:48:23,720
To encounter elephants so early
in the trip is a hopeful sign

485
00:48:23,800 --> 00:48:26,480
that good numbers are surviving
in the delta.

486
00:48:29,800 --> 00:48:34,120
In the next few days, Dominique
successfully collars six elephants

487
00:48:34,200 --> 00:48:35,600
from different herds.

488
00:48:36,560 --> 00:48:40,560
And straight away, the collars
start to deliver results.

489
00:48:42,440 --> 00:48:46,400
She can see exactly where each
elephant and their herd travels.

490
00:48:47,760 --> 00:48:51,480
What space they need
for socializing, feeding

491
00:48:51,840 --> 00:48:53,360
and avoiding people.

492
00:48:56,080 --> 00:48:58,600
Travelling the delta
with their satellite collars,

493
00:48:59,640 --> 00:49:03,280
Dominique's elephants are providing
crucial hard data,

494
00:49:04,480 --> 00:49:07,640
and are starting to map out the
space that she hopes will

495
00:49:07,720 --> 00:49:11,240
one day protect
all the wildlife of the delta.

496
00:49:17,960 --> 00:49:19,920
Even in such a brief visit,

497
00:49:20,160 --> 00:49:22,280
there are tantalizing glimpses

498
00:49:22,720 --> 00:49:25,200
of the life the delta could hold.

499
00:49:28,200 --> 00:49:29,680
A great herd,

500
00:49:30,200 --> 00:49:32,280
many hundreds of buffalo -

501
00:49:32,720 --> 00:49:36,760
an echo of the legendary
herds that once roamed here.

502
00:49:40,080 --> 00:49:42,800
And a vision of what this place
could be.

503
00:49:45,240 --> 00:49:47,280
Here, where the Zambezi River

504
00:49:47,640 --> 00:49:50,760
finally comes to the end
of its journey.

505
00:49:59,280 --> 00:50:02,360
DOMINIQUE:
The Zambezi River is extremely important.

506
00:50:04,800 --> 00:50:08,040
Not only in terms of biodiversity
and nature,

507
00:50:08,160 --> 00:50:09,640
but give us culture,

508
00:50:10,000 --> 00:50:12,440
give us, you know, livelihoods,

509
00:50:12,520 --> 00:50:14,560
give us many things.

510
00:50:18,560 --> 00:50:21,240
Perhaps without it,
it wouldn't be the same.

511
00:50:26,200 --> 00:50:30,120
I think that's the thing that makes
us all so proud to have the Zambezi,

512
00:50:30,320 --> 00:50:33,560
one of the greatest, biggest rivers
in Africa,

513
00:50:33,720 --> 00:50:36,760
to just finish here,
next to home.

514
00:50:42,760 --> 00:50:46,520
NARRATOR: From a trickle of water
in a far corner of Zambia...

515
00:50:48,160 --> 00:50:52,720
..this great river has overcome
many obstacles on its

516
00:50:52,800 --> 00:50:55,760
2,500-kilometre journey.

517
00:50:58,320 --> 00:51:00,400
The heat of the African sun...

518
00:51:03,280 --> 00:51:06,760
..the rugged geology at the heart
of the continent...

519
00:51:09,400 --> 00:51:11,520
..the demands of a modern world...

520
00:51:13,840 --> 00:51:18,080
..but wherever it flows, it brings
life and opportunity.

521
00:51:21,880 --> 00:51:25,680
No more so than here at the end
of its journey...

522
00:51:28,040 --> 00:51:30,000
..as the waters of the Zambezi

523
00:51:30,640 --> 00:51:32,240
are finally carried away

524
00:51:33,120 --> 00:51:34,880
by the Indian Ocean.

525
00:51:49,560 --> 00:51:52,800
One of the biggest challenges
for the Earth's Great Rivers team

526
00:51:53,320 --> 00:51:56,840
was to film professional
surfer Mikey February riding

527
00:51:56,920 --> 00:51:58,240
the Zambezi Wave.

528
00:52:02,520 --> 00:52:03,800
Timing was key.

529
00:52:05,080 --> 00:52:08,920
This unique wave only appears
for a few days each year...

530
00:52:10,440 --> 00:52:14,360
..when water levels rise and fall
with the rains.

531
00:52:16,360 --> 00:52:17,920
It's also incredibly remote,

532
00:52:18,680 --> 00:52:19,720
and dangerous to reach -

533
00:52:20,720 --> 00:52:22,160
down steep, jagged cliffs

534
00:52:22,640 --> 00:52:24,840
and through some of the most
ferocious rapids

535
00:52:25,200 --> 00:52:26,240
on the planet.

536
00:52:29,880 --> 00:52:35,320
It's been quite the logistic
nightmare, maybe, to organise.

537
00:52:35,480 --> 00:52:38,760
We've had to postpone the shoot
a few times just because the river

538
00:52:39,000 --> 00:52:41,440
water levels are dropping,
but they're not

539
00:52:41,520 --> 00:52:42,680
dropping quickly enough.

540
00:52:42,760 --> 00:52:45,720
And there's such a small window
to sort of aim for,

541
00:52:45,800 --> 00:52:47,960
for a wave that's
surfable for Mikey.

542
00:52:50,320 --> 00:52:53,960
NARRATOR: But the team decide tomorrow
is their best bet to head off

543
00:52:54,040 --> 00:52:55,160
in search of the wave.

544
00:52:57,800 --> 00:53:00,000
And to get everyone there
safely are

545
00:53:00,080 --> 00:53:02,560
the Zambezi's most experienced
river guides.

546
00:53:02,640 --> 00:53:03,720
This one as well.

547
00:53:05,360 --> 00:53:10,680
LEWIS: We've got four cameras, two drones,
all the batteries, accessories,

548
00:53:11,560 --> 00:53:12,680
all the cards.

549
00:53:13,160 --> 00:53:14,480
There's a lot of expensive kit

550
00:53:14,560 --> 00:53:16,800
that could end up at the bottom
of the Zambezi.

551
00:53:23,360 --> 00:53:24,560
NARRATOR:
It's an early start,

552
00:53:25,560 --> 00:53:27,920
and the team head to the edge
of the gorge.

553
00:53:32,160 --> 00:53:33,760
We're going to go
down to the gorge now.

554
00:53:33,840 --> 00:53:36,640
Please don't fall, don't slip,
we're going just on ladders, so...

555
00:53:36,720 --> 00:53:38,520
NARRATOR:
Lead river guide Sean

556
00:53:38,880 --> 00:53:42,600
briefs the team on the treacherous
100 metre-descent ahead.

557
00:53:43,880 --> 00:53:47,120
It's an almost vertical
drop down sheer rock,

558
00:53:47,360 --> 00:53:49,400
and along rickety wooden ladders.

559
00:53:50,520 --> 00:53:51,840
SEAN: All good in the hood?
- Yeah.

560
00:53:51,920 --> 00:53:53,560
Has anyone fallen?
— All the time.

561
00:53:53,680 --> 00:53:54,840
All the time!

562
00:53:56,480 --> 00:53:57,400
SEAN:
It begins.

563
00:53:57,480 --> 00:53:58,760
MAN WHOOPS

564
00:54:00,600 --> 00:54:03,360
NARRATOR: Lewis is the first to follow
the guides down.

565
00:54:08,280 --> 00:54:10,400
So far, so good.

566
00:54:15,560 --> 00:54:17,120
Actually terrified.

567
00:54:19,680 --> 00:54:22,920
But we must push forward.

568
00:54:25,440 --> 00:54:30,040
NARRATOR: The last thing the crew needs
now is a twisted ankle or worse.

569
00:54:34,360 --> 00:54:38,440
OK?
- I'm OK.

570
00:54:42,800 --> 00:54:45,040
NARRATOR: The team make
it down to the Zambezi.

571
00:54:47,360 --> 00:54:49,800
Actually never been more happy
to get into a raft.

572
00:54:50,320 --> 00:54:53,720
NARRATOR: But the journey to find
the wave has only just begun.

573
00:55:00,480 --> 00:55:02,280
Precious cargo loaded.

574
00:55:03,720 --> 00:55:06,800
Time to rock and roll. Let's go!

575
00:55:07,240 --> 00:55:09,000
One, two, three!

576
00:55:11,480 --> 00:55:15,600
NARRATOR: At first, all seems calm,
but turbulent water lies

577
00:55:15,680 --> 00:55:16,800
just around the corner.

578
00:55:17,920 --> 00:55:20,560
And the river starts to come alive.

579
00:55:27,640 --> 00:55:30,960
The mighty Zambezi throws
everything it can at them.

580
00:55:32,040 --> 00:55:34,680
Whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa!

581
00:55:38,200 --> 00:55:41,000
NARRATOR:
Suddenly, the raft hits a violent swell,

582
00:55:41,400 --> 00:55:44,640
and sends camera operator
Kevin hurtling into the rapids.

583
00:55:45,320 --> 00:55:46,520
KEVIN YELPS

584
00:55:53,960 --> 00:55:56,560
NARRATOR: He must get out quickly
before the river throws him

585
00:55:56,640 --> 00:55:58,640
into the rocks or drags him under.

586
00:56:14,240 --> 00:56:15,880
But he's in safe hands.

587
00:56:16,320 --> 00:56:19,400
Thanks to the quick reactions
of the guide, Kevin's pulled

588
00:56:19,480 --> 00:56:20,600
back on board.

589
00:56:27,560 --> 00:56:28,720
MAN WHISTLES

590
00:56:29,920 --> 00:56:31,640
And the team finally make it

591
00:56:32,160 --> 00:56:33,640
to the Zambezi Wave.

592
00:56:38,800 --> 00:56:41,840
Months of meticulous planning
went into arriving

593
00:56:41,920 --> 00:56:43,520
at just the right moment.

594
00:56:45,200 --> 00:56:48,880
But now it's all up to Mikey.

595
00:56:51,680 --> 00:56:55,600
MIKEY: It's so scary, and it's so,
you know, sort of dangerous.

596
00:56:57,120 --> 00:57:00,400
When you see a photo of the river,
when it's super low,

597
00:57:00,480 --> 00:57:02,480
you can actually see the rock
that it actually breaks

598
00:57:02,560 --> 00:57:05,200
off of, and it kind of plays
on your mind.

599
00:57:07,760 --> 00:57:09,600
You know, you obviously have to wear
a helmet,

600
00:57:09,680 --> 00:57:11,480
and then you also have to wear a
life jacket.

601
00:57:12,280 --> 00:57:14,440
In the ocean, you're just wearing
a wetsuit or board shorts

602
00:57:14,520 --> 00:57:17,960
or something - you definitely feel
out of your comfort zone.

603
00:57:19,800 --> 00:57:22,200
NARRATOR:
But that's not Mikey's only concern.

604
00:57:23,640 --> 00:57:25,920
MIKEY:
Crocodiles, what's the situation?

605
00:57:26,000 --> 00:57:28,080
So I mean, they're definitely here,
and we can't discount them.

606
00:57:28,440 --> 00:57:30,200
The danger zone is actually
just this pool.

607
00:57:30,360 --> 00:57:32,240
They don't like the fast-moving
water.

608
00:57:32,520 --> 00:57:33,600
So I think once you get

609
00:57:33,680 --> 00:57:36,320
into the rapids, you're 100%,
it's really just this area.

610
00:57:36,640 --> 00:57:39,040
But I mean, we've all been watching,
we've been looking, we've spoken

611
00:57:39,120 --> 00:57:42,200
to the fishermen and they haven't
seen crocs here for ages,

612
00:57:42,360 --> 00:57:43,280
so I think we're good.

613
00:57:46,120 --> 00:57:47,480
LEWIS:
Go on, Mikey!

614
00:58:02,480 --> 00:58:03,680
MAN YELLS

615
00:58:06,480 --> 00:58:08,160
THEY CHEER

616
00:58:10,120 --> 00:58:13,640
NARRATOR: To get here at just the right
time, Mikey and the team

617
00:58:13,720 --> 00:58:15,360
have descended cliffs,

618
00:58:15,440 --> 00:58:17,720
and navigated white water rapids.

619
00:58:18,080 --> 00:58:23,280
But in return, they experienced
an entirely new side of one

620
00:58:23,360 --> 00:58:25,360
of Earth's great rivers.

621
00:58:26,680 --> 00:58:29,200
MIKEY: Everyone's got a different
relationship with this river,

622
00:58:29,280 --> 00:58:32,120
and surfing that wave is mine.

